Jakarta, domclub Indonesia
—
Source
earthquake
on the island of Java not only comes from the megathrust, but also
active faults
on land, starting from the Cimandiri Fault in the west to the Wonsorejo Fault in the east.
The 2024 Indonesia Earthquake Source and Hazard Map reveals that the change in subduction pattern from oblique convergence in Sumatra to frontal in southern Java produces different structural patterns and seismicity characteristics between Java and Sumatra.
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Seismicity records in the subduction zone in Java show that Java is relatively ‘calmer’ compared to Sumatra even though large earthquakes that resulted in tsunamis have also occurred in the Java region, including the M7.8 earthquake in East Java in 1994 and the M7.8 in Pangandaran in 2006.
Apart from subduction zones, shallow earthquakes originating on land have frequently occurred in Java in recent years.An earthquake that is not too big can also cause damage to dense settlements on this island.
One of the results of active fault mapping in Java was carried out by Marliyani (2016).He found that active deformation in Java was accommodated by small-scale structures ranging from several kilometers to tens of kilometers but with a fairly wide distribution.
This report reveals that no dominant structure developed in Java like the one formed in Sumatra through the Sumatran fault.
In general, active geological structures in Java are dominated by strike-slip faults and thrust faults with thrust faults as minor structures.
Some of the main faults in Java that are well known include the Cimandiri Fault, Lembang Fault, and Baribis-Citanduy Fault.
In central and eastern Java, the structure that appears dominant is the thrust fault structure
such as the Kendeng and Semarang Fault zones, while in the eastern part of Java it is represented by descending fault systems such as the Pasuruan Fault and the Wonsorejo Fault.
The following is a complete list of active faults in Java and their earthquake potential:
West Java
– Cimandiri Fault (West Bandung, Sukabumi, Cianjur): M 6.1-6.6
– Lembang Fault (North Bandung): M 6.5
– Cileunyi-Tanjungsari Fault (Bandung, Sumedang): M 6.5
– Cicalengka Fault (Bandung): M 5.9
– Cianjur Fault (Cianjur): M 5.9-6.3
– Cipamingkis Fault: M 6.5
– Garsela Fault (Garut, Bandung): M 6.1
– Tampomas Fault (Sumedang): M 6.6
– Ciremai Fault (Cirebon, Kuningan): M 6.3-6.9
– Karangmanggu Fault: M 6.1
Central Java and Yogyakarta
– Rawapening Fault (Semarang, Salatiga): M 6.5
– Ajibarang Fault (Banyumas): M 6.0-7.0
– Ungaran Fault (Semarang): M 6.0
– Opak Fault (Yogyakarta): M 6.8
– Merapi-Merbabu Fault (DIY & Central Java): M 6.6
– Muria Fault (North Central Java): M 6.6
– Mataram Fault (East Central Java): M 6.2
East Java
– Pasuruan Fault: M 6.5
– Probolinggo Fault: M 6.5-7.5
– Wonsorejo Fault: M 6.1
Regional and maritime
– Java Back-arc Thrust Fault (Baribis-Semarang-Kendeng): M 6.0-7.0
– RMKS Fault (Rembang-Madura-Kangean-Sakala): M 6.0-7.3
– Bawean Fault (Bawean Island): M 7.2-7.4
– JS-1 Ridge Fault (Java Sea): M 7.1-7.2
– JS-2 Ridge Fault (Java Sea): M 7.2
(lom/dmi)
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